Basic Introduction of Aerodynamics

Introduction

AERODYNAMICS WORD WAS TAKEN FROM  GREEK.

ἀήρ aer (air) + δυναμική (dynamics)

Formal aerodynamics study in the modern sense began in the eighteenth century.

DEFINITION OF AERODYNAMIC

The study of the motion of air and other gases and of the effects of such motion on bodies in the gas.

History of aerodynamics

In 1726, Sir Isaac Newton became the first person to develop a theory of air resistance,making him one of the first aerodynamicists. Dutch-Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli followed in 1738 with Hydrodynamica, in which he described a fundamental relationship between pressure, density, and velocity for incompressible flow known today asBernoulli's principle, which provides one method for calculating aerodynamic lift.

In 1799, Sir George Cayley became the first person to identify the four aerodynamic forces of flight (weight, lift, drag, and thrust), as well as the relationships between them.

The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American brothers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are credited[.with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight, on December 17, 1903. From 1905 to 1907, the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft.

FORCES

1.LIFT

2.WEIGHT

3.THRUST

4.DRAG

•THRUST FORCE

oThrust is the force produced by the engine. It is directed forward along the axis of the engine.

•Drag FORCE

oDrag is a component of the aerodynamic force, namely the projection onto the direction parallel to the relative wind.

•Lift FORCE

oLift is another component of the aerodynamic force, namely the projection onto the two directions perpendicular to the relative wind.

•Weight

oWeight is the force of gravity. It is equal to the mass of the airplane times the local gravitational acceleration.

Flight Condition